Daily Current Affairs

On 20 June 2026, Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of India's first commercial-scale coal-to-ammonium nitrate (coal gasification) project at Lakhanpur in Odisha's Jharsuguda district. The Rs 25,016 crore project is being developed by Bharat Coal Gasification and Chemicals Limited (BCGCL), a joint venture between BHEL and Coal India Limited. The plant will produce 2,000 tonnes of ammonium nitrate per day using indigenous coal gasification technology, reducing import dependence and boosting domestic chemical production. The project advances India's self-reliance goals in critical industrial inputs. Exam relevance: India's first commercial-scale coal-to-ammonium nitrate project (Rs 25,016 crore) is at Lakhanpur, Jharsuguda (Odisha), built by BCGCL, a BHEL-Coal India joint venture, with 2,000 tonnes daily capacity.

On 20 June 2026 at the MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai, India beat Afghanistan by 9 wickets in the third ODI to complete a 3-0 series whitewash. Prasidh Krishna took a maiden ODI five-wicket haul (5 for 23) as Afghanistan were bowled out for 218, despite Hashmatullah Shahidi's 102. Yashasvi Jaiswal scored a century to anchor the chase, with India reaching 224 for 1 in just 28.4 overs. The dominant performance underlined India's strength in the 50-over format ahead of upcoming international fixtures. Exam relevance: India whitewashed Afghanistan 3-0 in the June 2026 ODI series; Prasidh Krishna took his maiden ODI five-wicket haul (5/23) and Yashasvi Jaiswal scored a century in the third ODI at Chennai.

The Reserve Bank of India approved a record surplus (dividend) transfer of Rs 2.87 lakh crore to the Union government for FY26, decided at the 623rd meeting of the Central Board chaired by Governor Sanjay Malhotra. This surpasses the FY25 payout of Rs 2.69 lakh crore. The RBI's balance sheet expanded 20.61% to Rs 91.97 lakh crore as of 31 March 2026. The Contingent Risk Buffer (CRB) was maintained at 6.5% of balance sheet size, with Rs 1,09,379.64 crore transferred to it. The surplus boosts the government's fiscal position. Exam relevance: RBI's record FY26 surplus transfer to the Centre was Rs 2.87 lakh crore; the RBI Governor is Sanjay Malhotra and the CRB was kept at 6.5%.

Vivek Aggarwal, a 1994-batch IAS officer and Secretary in the Ministry of Culture, was elected Vice-President of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) for the term July 2026 to June 2027. This is the first time India has secured the FATF Vice-Presidency. The decision was taken at the FATF Plenary held in Paris from 17-19 June 2026. Aggarwal had earlier headed India's FATF delegation and the Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND). FATF is the global watchdog on money laundering and terror financing, headquartered in Paris. Exam relevance: Vivek Aggarwal (1994-batch IAS) is the first Indian elected FATF Vice-President (term July 2026-June 2027); FATF is headquartered in Paris and combats money laundering and terror financing.

Indian legal scholar Bimal N. Patel was elected a judge of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) for a nine-year term (2026-2035), securing 115 of 168 valid votes at the 36th Meeting of States Parties to UNCLOS held at UN Headquarters in New York from 15-19 June 2026. He will take office on 1 October 2026, succeeding India's Neeru Chadha. Patel is Vice-Chancellor of Rashtriya Raksha University and a member of the International Law Commission. ITLOS, based in Hamburg, Germany, was established under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Exam relevance: Bimal N. Patel was elected ITLOS judge (2026-2035) with 115/168 votes; ITLOS is based in Hamburg and established under UNCLOS.

On 21 June 2026, Prime Minister Narendra Modi commissioned three indigenously built naval platforms at Kolkata, all designed by the Navy's Warship Design Bureau and built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE). INS Dunagiri is the fifth Project 17A stealth frigate, armed with BrahMos surface-to-surface missiles and a Medium Range Surface-to-Air Missile system. INS Sanshodhak is the fourth Survey Vessel (Large), and INS Agray is the fourth Arnala-class Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft. Indigenous content exceeds 75%, with over 200 MSMEs involved, strengthening Make in India and maritime security. Exam relevance: INS Dunagiri is the 5th Project 17A stealth frigate, built by GRSE Kolkata and armed with BrahMos missiles; all three platforms were commissioned on 21 June 2026 with over 75% indigenous content.

Indian-origin theoretical physicist Jainendra K. Jain, Evan Pugh University Professor at Pennsylvania State University, became the first person of Indian origin to receive the Wolf Prize in Physics, reported around 19-20 June 2026. He was honoured for his 1989 discovery of 'composite fermions', which explained the fractional quantum Hall effect; the patterns are known as 'Jain sequences' or 'Jain states'. Born near Sambhar in Rajasthan, he holds a master's degree from IIT Kanpur. The prize was presented by Israeli President Isaac Herzog. The Wolf Prize is among the most prestigious global science awards. Exam relevance: Jainendra K. Jain is the first Indian-origin laureate of the Wolf Prize in Physics, recognised for discovering 'composite fermions' (1989).

The 12th International Day of Yoga (IDY) was observed on 21 June 2026 under the theme 'Yoga for Healthy Ageing'. Prime Minister Narendra Modi led the main national event from the iconic Red Road in Kolkata, West Bengal. The Ministry of Culture organised special IDY programmes at 100 iconic locations across the country, while yoga sessions were held at thousands of venues worldwide. International Day of Yoga is celebrated every year on 21 June, the summer solstice, since 2015, following a United Nations resolution proposed by India. The annual theme highlights yoga's role in physical and mental well-being. Exam relevance: Remember the 2026 theme 'Yoga for Healthy Ageing', the main venue (Red Road, Kolkata), and that IDY is observed on 21 June since 2015 on the summer solstice.

India’s defence expenditure rose by about 8.9% to an estimated $92.1 billion in 2025, making it the world’s fifth-largest military spender. The rise reflects continued modernisation and indigenisation of defence production under initiatives such as Make in India. Exam relevance: defence-spending rankings are a recurring economy/defence GK topic.

Veteran Indian Foreign Service diplomat Vipul has been appointed as India’s next Ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a key partner in West Asia for energy security, trade and the Indian diaspora. Exam relevance: key diplomatic appointments are regularly asked in the appointments section.

According to the SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute) Yearbook 2026, India’s nuclear arsenal is estimated at about 190 warheads as of January 2026, slightly ahead of Pakistan’s estimated 170. The report notes both countries continue to modernise their nuclear capabilities, with India focusing on longer-range, more survivable delivery systems. Exam relevance: SIPRI is a frequently asked source for defence and international-affairs questions.

A farmer from Tamil Nadu has been recognised by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) as a ‘Soil Farmer Hero’ for outstanding success in sustainable, soil-friendly farming practices. Exam relevance: international recognition of Indians is a frequent awards-section topic.

The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) launched the VAANI 3.0 scheme to strengthen the use of Indian languages in technical and higher education, in line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020’s emphasis on learning in the mother tongue. Exam relevance: AICTE schemes and NEP-linked initiatives are common in the schemes section.

The World Day Against Child Labour was observed on 12 June 2026 with the football-inspired theme "Red card to child labour: Fair play for children, decent work for adults". The ILO, which instituted the day in 2002, used the 2026 campaign to demand quality education, universal social protection, decent adult wages and tougher enforcement so that children stay in classrooms, not workplaces. The year also marks the anniversary of ILO Convention No. 182 on the worst forms of child labour — notable as the first ILO convention ratified universally by all member states. EXAM ANGLE: Date — 12 June; started by ILO in 2002; 2026 theme — Red card to child labour; linked instrument — ILO Convention 182.

The Ministry of External Affairs announced on 11 June 2026 that Prime Minister Narendra Modi will travel to France and Slovakia from 13 to 18 June, attending the 52nd G7 Summit at Evian, France, on 16–17 June as a partner-country leader. This marks India's 13th participation in a G7 summit and Modi's seventh consecutive appearance. He first visits Nice on 13–14 June for talks with President Emmanuel Macron under the India-France Special Global Strategic Partnership, and will also join the VivaTech startup summit in Paris. Summit sessions cover rebuilding international solidarity, balanced economic growth and safe rollout of artificial intelligence. EXAM ANGLE: G7 has seven members — India attends only as an invited partner nation. 52nd summit — Evian, France, 16-17 June 2026.